Semi Conductors :- Full Explanation

Semi-Conductor :- Semi-Conductor is a type of material which have its conductivity lower than conductors and higher than insulators , i.e. semi-conductors are more electrical conductor than insulators and low electrical conductor than conductors such as metals .

At zero temperature , semi conductors does not conducts electricity through it as its electrons are not moving but giving some heat i.e. temperature , the electrons in semi conductors began to move freely and it conducts electricity.

Doping : is a process of mixing a small impurity to a purr semi-conductor which results in increase in its conductivity .

Semi-Conductors can be pure elements or can be compounds also . Or we can say that Semi-Conductors are of two types :

1. Pure Semi-Conductors (Intrinsic Semi-Conductors)

2. Impure Semi-Conductors (Extrinsic Semi-Conductors)

1. Pure (Intrinsic) Semi-Conductors : are those consists of a single element . Ex: Germanium and Silicon .

2. Impure (Extrinsic) Semi-Conductors : are those in which a small amount of impurities are added to pure Semi-Conductors causing large changes in its conductivity .

Further extrinsic Semi-Conductors are also of two types which are as follows :-

1.  p-type Semi-Conductors :  The Semi-Conductors which are doped with trivalent impurities (Group - 13 elements) are known as p-type Semi-Conductors .

2. n-type Semi-Conductors : The Semi-Conductors which are doped with pentavalent impurities (Group - 15 elements) are known as n-type Semi-Conductors.

Applications of Semi-Conductors:-

1. Semi-Conductors are used in manufacturing of basic to advanced electronic devices .

2. Semi-Conductors are used in designing of logic gates and digital circuits .

3. Semi-Conductors are used in components like rectifier , diodes , zenner diodes etc.

4. They are used in microprocessors .

5. Semi-Conductors are used in transistors like PNP and NPN transistors .

6. Semi-Conductors are used in analog circuits such as oscillators and amplifiers too.

This was a knowledge about Semi-Conductors , Hope you liked it .

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